John Paul Jones came from humble beginnings from a small village in southwest Scotland. At age 13 he started his maritime career and by age 21 was the captain of his own ship. Jones joined the first Continental Navy when the American Revolutionary War began, and quickly established himself as an aggressive and master tactician. His daring raid of Whitehall, England earned him the reputation as a pirate and a traitor in Great Britain, while the Americans and French celebrated him as a hero. While Jones was both loved and hated by his contemporaries, he is remembered as the Father of the American Navy and a hero of the American Revolution.
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Sources
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Paul-Jones-United-States-naval-officer
- https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/john-paul-jones
- https://johnpauljonesmuseum.com/about-john-paul-jones-us-navy/
- https://johnpauljonesmuseum.com/the-tobago-trail-of-john-paul-jones/
- https://johnpauljonesmuseum.com/about-john-paul-jones-us-navy/statement-of-the-master-of-the-barcelona-packet/
- https://www.awiatsea.com/narrative/Battle%20of%20Block%20Island.pdf
- http://www.susandoreydesigns.com/genealogy/dorey/JohnPaulJonesRaidsArichat.pdf
- https://www.history.com/John Paul Jones Raids Arichat, 1776this-day-in-history/john-paul-jones-leads-american-raid-on-whitehaven-england
- https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/triumph-off-flamborough-head/
- https://www.americanheritage.com/action-flamborough-head
- https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2019/07/05/when-john-paul-jones-crossed-over/
- https://johnpauljonesmuseum.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/whitehaven.pdf